Albania history.

Geography.

Albania is situated on the east coast of the Adriatic Sea, with Montenegro and Serbia in the north, Macedonia to the east, and Greece in the south. Slightly larger than Maryland, Albania consists of two main areas: the mountainous region of plateaus (north, east, and south) which represents 70% of the land area, and the western region of the coastal lowlands that contains almost all agricultural land state and part of the most populous in Albania.

Government

Appears democracy.

History.

A part of Illyria in antiquity and later Roman Empire, Albania was ruled by the Byzantine Empire 535-1204. An alliance (1444-1466) of the head of Albania failed to halt the advance of the Ottoman Turks, and the country remained under Turkish rule at least nominally for more than four centuries, until proclaimed its independence on 28 November 1912.
Most of the farm, Albania is one of the poorest countries in Europe. A battlefield in World War I, after the war it became a republic in which the conservative Muslim landlords, Ahmed Zogu, declared himself president in 1925 and King (Zog I) in 1928. He ruled until Italy annexed Albania in 1939 . Militants communists under Enver Hoxha seized power in 1944, towards the end of World War II. Hoxha is a devotee of Stalin, mimicking the repressive tactics of the Soviet leader, imprison or execute landowners and others that is incompatible with socialist ideals. Hoxha finally broke with Soviet communism in 1961 because of differences with Khrushchev and then aligned himself with communist China, which was also abandoned in 1978 after the death of Mao. Since then Albania went his own way to forge the individual versions of the socialist state and became one of the most isolated - and economically underdeveloped - countries in the world. Hoxha was replaced by Ramiz Alia in 1982.

Moving Toward Democracy.

Elections in March 1991 giving the Communists a majority dictates. But the general strike and street demonstrations soon forced the cabinet all - Communists to resign. In June 1991, the Communist Party renamed itself the Workers' Socialist Party and left ideologies of the past. The opposition Democratic Party won a landslide victory in elections in 1992, and Sali Berisha, a former cardiologist, became the first elected president of Albania. The following year, the former Communists, including Ramiz Alia and former prime minister, Fatos Nano, was jailed on charges of corruption.
But Albania experiment with democratic reform and free market economy went chaotic havoc in March 1997, when a large number of its citizens invested in pyramid schemes get - rich-quick shade. When five of these schemes collapsed in the early years, Albania robbed of about $ 1.2 billion in savings, angry Albania 'turned against the government, which seems to give approval for a national fraud. Riots broke out, the country's fragile infrastructure collapsed, and gangsters and rebels overran the country, plunging into virtual anarchy. A multinational protection force eventually restored order and organize elections that formally ousted President Sali Berisha.
In the spring of 1999, Albania was deeply involved in the affairs of fellow ethnic Albanians in northern Kosovo. Albania served as a post for NATO troops and took approximately 440,000 Kosovo refugees, about half the number of ethnic Albanians were driven from their homes in Kosovo.

Political strife Warung Progress

Ilir Meta, elected prime minister in 1999, quickly moving forward in the first few years to modernize the economy, privatization of businesses, fight crime, and reform of the judicial and tax systems. He resigned in January 2002, frustrated by political infighting. In June 2002, the former general Alfred Moisiu was elected president, supported by both Socialist (led by Fatos Nano) and Democrats (led by Sali Berisha), in an effort to end the unproductive political fractiousness that has deadlocked the government. Political duel between Nano and Berisha continued, however, and little visible improvement in living standards Albania. In the 2005 elections, Berisha replaced Nano, which has been designated by Moisiu in 2002 as prime minister.
Bamir Topi, a scientist and a senior member of the Democratic Party Berisha, elected president by parliament in July 2007.
Albania joined NATO in May 2009 and later in the month applied for membership in the European Union.
In July elections of 2009, the closest since 1990, Berisha's center-right coalition narrowly defeated opposition socialists, led by Edi Rama. The opposition accuses Berisha denied the results and voter intimidation.

Recently the President of Albania on the New Are Chosen.

After three unsuccessful attempts to elect a president, parliament finally succeeded on June 11, 2012, when the Interior Minister Bujar Nishani was elected with 73 votes out of 140 seats. Flamur Noka named a new interior minister and Edmond Panariti become foreign minister.

President Bamir Topi.

President of Albania
Length of service
July 24, 2007 - July 24,, 2012.
Myrteza Bamir Topi (/ Bamir Topi.oggba'miɾ 'tɔpi /, born 24 April 1957) [1] is the 5th President of Albania who served since July 24, 2007 until July 24, 2012. He is also the Honorary President of the football club KF Albania Tirana.

Early life and public activities.
Hat was born in Tirana on 24 April 1957, and graduated from the Agricultural University of Tirana to study veterinary medicine with a high value. He holds a Ph.D in the same field. In 1984, he was appointed as a Scientific Researcher at the Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine until 1995. During the period from 1987 to 1990, he attended post-graduate studies in Italy in the field of Molecular Biology. After returning from Italy, Topi was appointed Director of the Institute of Food Safety and Veterinary Medicine, a position he held until the end of 1995. During the activities in this institution as a Director and Scientific Research, Hat provides physiognomy of the Western world's major state institutions. In addition to her work as a Scientific Researcher, Hats has been conducting solid academic education in the curriculum of Pharmacology Toxicology and subjects for students and graduate students of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine while at the same time he was also a lecturer in these subjects for about a decade. He was first elected as a parliamentarian Assembly of Albania in 1996 and was appointed as the Minister of Agriculture and Food, where he served until 1997. He was elected to three mandates in the Assembly of Albania as a candidate for the Democratic Party of Albania. In two terms, Topi led the Parliamentary Group of the Democratic Party in the Assembly. He has been elected deputy chairman of the Democratic Party of Albanians, led by Sali Berisha. Hats have been distinguished and widely praised as a politician of moderated profile, as a very active role in resolving the crisis between the ruling majority and opposition and as a protagonist of political agreements and various parliamentary initiatives. He also holds the title of Honorary President of the football club KF Tirana of Albania.
             

President of Albania.

On March 8, 2007, Topi said that he would be the candidate of the ruling Democratic Party in the presidential election of 2007. Various parties, Christian Democrats and Republicans said that they would probably support it. Parliament took four tries, and the opposition finally Gave up and Elected Hats, a choice of Prime Minister Sali Berisha.
In the voting held on July 8, Topi won 75 votes in parliament. It is not enough to be elected president, because at least 84 votes required. The opposition, led by the Socialist Party, boycotted the vote. The second round of voting for the presidential election held on 10 July. Parliament still failed to elect a president, this time Topi received 74 vote. On July 14, another ballot is held, this time, Topi won only 50 votes, while Neritan Ceka from the Democratic Alliance Party won 32.
On July 20, in the fourth round of the vote, Topi was supported by several members of the opposition and won 85 votes, so that the elected President of the Republic of Albania for a term of five years. He was sworn in on 24 July. [7]
Official cap resigned his position as deputy chairman of the Democratic Party of Albania and at the same time withdrew from his party. He is considered the political impartiality.

Support for the independence of Kosovo.

Hats have become a vocal supporter of independence for Kosovo. He staunchly showed the need for a sovereign state of Kosovo before the Council of Europe and other international examples.
With the joint invitation of President of Kosovo, Fatmir Sejdiu and the head of the United Nations mission, Joachim Ruecker, Topi stayed for a three-day visit in Kosovo in January 2009. He was declared an honorary citizen of the capital Pristina and awarded with a gold medal, Goddess Throne. During his visit, he was also awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Pristina.

Appreciation.

Knight Grand Cross of the Grand Order of King Tomislav ( "For outstanding contributions to the development and improvement of relations between the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Albania." - 7 April 2009)
Doctor Honoris Causa from the University of Pristina (January 25, 2008)
Honorary Citizens Pristina (January 26, 2008)
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://indonesiansocieti.blogspot.com/2016/05/albania-history.html
DatePublished: May 13, 2016 at 11:42

Tag : Albania history.