In early August 1831 Lintau was defeated, making Luhak Tanah Datar were dlm Dutch control. However Tuanku Lintau still resistance from the region Luhak Limo Puluah. Meanwhile, when Lt. Col. Elout carry out various attacks against the tribe Padri between the years 1831-1832, he gained additional strength from Sentot troops Prawirodirdjo one Diponegoro commanders who had defected and served in the Dutch East Indies government after the war ended in Java. But then Lt. Col. Elout argues, the presence of Sentot placed in Lintau actually cause new problems. Some official documents proving fault Sentot Netherlands which has been plotting with the tribe Padri so then Sentot & legions returned to Java. In Java, Sentot also not succeeded in eliminating the Dutch suspicions against him, and the Netherlands also do not want it to remain in Java and sent him back to Sumatra. But on the way, Sentot unloaded and detained in Bengkulu, then left to die as outcasts. While the disbanded army was recruited back into the Dutch army.
In July 1832, from Jakarta sent infantry troops in large numbers under the command of Lt. Col. Ferdinand P. Vermeulen Krieger, to accelerate the completion of the war. With the addition of these troops in October 1832, Luhak Limo Puluah has been in the Dutch power in conjunction with the death of Tuanku Lintau. The Padri then continues to consolidate and entrench in Kamang, but the whole power of The Padri Luhak Agam also conquered the Netherlands after the fall Kamang at the end of 1832, so it's back The Padri forced to withdraw from the region luhak and survive in Bonjol. Furthermore, the Dutch troops began conducting searches on a few areas that still form the basis Padri tribe. In early January 1833, the Dutch troops to build fortifications in Padang Mantinggi, but before they could strengthen its position, the stronghold was attacked by a tribe under the leadership of Tuanku Rao Padri which resulted in many casualties on the Dutch side. But in a battle in Water Bangis, on January 29, 1833, Tuanku Rao suffered severe injuries as a result was fired. Then he raised up the ship for exile. Not long ago I was aboard, Tuanku Rao died. Suspected body was then thrown into the sea by the Dutch army.
The duration of the completion of the war, forcing the Dutch East Indies Governor General Johannes van den Bosch on August 23, 1833 went into the field to see up close the military operations carried out by the Dutch troops. Arriving in Padang, he held talks with the Commissioner of the West Coast of Sumatra, Major General and Lieutenant Colonel Riesz Elout to quickly conquer Fort Bonjol, Padri army command center. Riesz & Elout explained that there has come the time that good to hold a general attack against Fort Bonjol, fidelity population Luhak Agam still doubtful and they are very likely to attack the Dutch forces from the rear. But Van den Bosch insisted to quickly conquer Fort Bonjol no later than September 10, 1833, the second officer asks tough to snag six days so the fall is expected on 16 September 1833.
Tactics of guerrilla attacks that are applied tribe Padri then managed to slow down the pace of the Dutch attack to Fort Bonjol, even regarding some resistance almost all ordnance such as cannons and its Dutch troops may be deprived of his supply. Dutch troops can only carry weapons and the clothes on the hands and body. So on September 21, 1833, before the Governor General of the Dutch East Indies was replaced by Jean Chrétien Baud, Van den Bosch made a statement that the attack to snag fails and is being sought for consolidation to further attacks.
Then during the 1834 Dutch only focus on the construction of roads and bridges leading to snag by deploying thousands of forced labor. This was done to facilitate the mobility of troops in conquering the snag. In addition, the Dutch also continue to exert influence in some areas close to the stronghold. On April 16, 1835, the Dutch decided to hold a massive attack to conquer the snag & surroundings. The military operation began on April 21, 1835, the Dutch troops led by Lieutenant Colonel Bauer, splitting his troops to Masang into two parts that move each of Matur and Bamban. These troops must cross the river when it was flooded, and kept secretly slipped into the jungle; up the mountain and down the valley; in order to open up new paths toward Bonjol.
On 23 April 1835 the Dutch troop movements have managed to reach the edge of Batang Gantiang, then cross it and gathered in Batusari. From here there is only one narrow road towards Sipisang, the area still controlled by the tribe Padri. Arriving in Sipisang, fierce fighting broke out between the Dutch forces with The Padri. The battle lasted for three days and three nights without stopping, until many casualties on both sides. Finally, with much force disproportionately, Padri The troops were forced to withdraw into the forests surrounding jungle. The fall of the Sipisang improving morality Dutch troops, then the area is used as a stronghold pending the making of the bridge leading to snag.
Although the pace of troop movements toward Bonjol Netherlands is still very slow, almost a month of time needed to be able to approach the area Alahan Panjang. As the front line of Alahan Panjang area of Padang Lawas which is fully controlled by a tribe still Padri. However, on June 8, 1835 Dutch troops overran the area. Furthermore, on June 11, 1835 Dutch troops again moved toward the east Rods Alahan Panjang and making fortifications there, while the tribe Padri forces remain on alert at the other side.
Dutch troops came close to snag within approximately only 250 steps at midnight on June 16, 1835, then they tried to make fortifications. Furthermore, by using houwitser, mortars and cannons, Dutch troops opened fire on Fort Bonjol. The Padri but can not remain silent by firing cannon also from Bukit Tajadi. So with a disadvantage, the Dutch troops were killed. On June 17, 1835 came back additional aid as much as 2,000 troops being sent by the Resident Francis in Padang and on June 21, 1835, with great strength of Dutch troops start moving forward to the ultimate goal is to snag Hill Fortress Tajadi.
See Fort Bonjol pharmaceutics, Dutch troops tried to blockade the snag with the intention to paralyze the supply of foodstuffs and weapons Padri forces. This blockade was not effective, because it fortifications Dutch troops and materials that a lot of his supply was attacked by guerrilla forces Padri tribe. At the same time the entire tribe Padri forces began to arrive from areas that have conquered the Dutch troops, from various countries in Minangkabau and surrounding areas. All determined to defend the headquarters of the snag to the bitter end, noble life or martyrdom.
Attempts to carry out an offensive against the snag recently performed again after reinforcements army consisting of troops Bugis come, then in mid August 1835 attacks began against fortifications The Padri who are in Bukit Tajadi, and troops Bugis is located at the front dlm Dutch forces captured one by fortifications tribe located in the surroundings of Bukit Padri Tajadi. However, until the beginning of September 1835, Dutch troops have not managed to master the Mount Tajadi, even on 5 September 1835, out of the tribe Padri stronghold stormed outside to destroy the castle fortifications pertahahan Dutch created around Bukit Tajadi. After the attack, troops Padri The right back way into Fort Bonjol.
On September 9, 1835, the Dutch troops tried to attack from Luhak Limo Puluah & Padang Bubus, but the results failed, even many causes losses in Dutch troops. Lieutenant Colonel Bauer, one of the commanders of Dutch troops ill and was forced to be sent to New York City later replaced by Major Prager. The protracted blockade and courage tribe Padri, inspiring courage of the people around him to rebel and attack the Dutch troops, so that on December 11, 1835 and the people of Simpang Alahan Mati took up arms and attacked the fortifications Netherlands. Dutch troops overwhelmed overcome this resistance. But with the coming of help from Madura soldiers who served in the Dutch army, this resistance can be overcome.
Almost a year besieged Bonjol, on December 3, 1836, the Dutch troops returned to a massive attack against Fort Bonjol, as a last attempt to conquest snag. This devastating attack is able to break most of Fort Bonjol, so that the Dutch troops can rush in and managed to kill several family Tuanku Imam Bonjol. But with persistence and high morale tribe Padri again managed to ravage the enemy so that the Dutch were expelled and forced back out of the castle, leaving a lot of casualties on each side.
The failure of this conquest really hit the wisdom of the Governor General of the Dutch East Indies in Jakarta that time it has been held by Dominique Jacques de Eerens, then in early 1837 sent the commander of the war called Major General Cochius to take charge of a massive attack to Fort Bonjol for the umpteenth time. Cochius merupaken a Dutch high-ranking officers who have expertise in Fort Stelsel war strategy.
Furthermore, the Dutch intensive snag besieged from all directions for about six months [16 March to 17 August 1837], led by generals and several officers. The joint forces have largely consisted of various races, such as Javanese, Madurese, Bugis and Ambon. There are 148 European officers, 36 officers natives, 1. 103 European soldiers, 4. 130 native troops, including Sumenapsche hulptroepen hieronder begrepen [auxiliaries Sumenap alias Madura]. In the list of names of the officers of the Dutch troops of which is Cochius Major General, Lieutenant Colonel Bauer, Mayor Sous, Mayor Prager, Captain MacLean, Lieutenant van der Tak, Vice Lieutenant Steinmetz, and so on. Then there is also the name of Inlandsche [indigenous] as Captain Noto Prawiro, Indlandsche Luitenant Prawiro in Logo, Karto Wongso Wiro Redjo, Prawiro Sentiko, Prawiro Brotto, Merto Poero & more.
From Jakarta brought continuously added strength of the Dutch army, which on July 20, 1837 arrived by ship Perle in Padang, a number of Europeans and Sepoys, soldiers from Africa who served in the Dutch army, recruited from Ghana and Mali, consisting of one sergeant, four korporaals & 112 flankeurs, and is led by Captain Sinninghe. Attacks that undulating and insistent and rain of artillery shells armed with big guns, for approximately 6 months, as well as infantry and cavalry were kept coming. On August 3, 1837 led by Lieutenant Colonel Michiels as a leading field commanders began gradually control the situation, and finally on the date of August 15, 1837, Hill Tajadi fall, and on August 16, 1837 Fort Bonjol as a whole can be conquered. However Tuanku Imam Bonjol may resign out of the fort accompanied by some of his followers continue towards area Marapak.
Negotiations Tuanku Imam Bonjol
On the run and hiding, Tuanku Imam Bonjol continue trying to consolidate all of its troops that had crumbled and weak, but because it has been over three years of fighting against the Dutch continuously, it turns out only a few are living and still ready to fight back. Under these conditions, suddenly came a letter from the Resident Francis deals in Padang to invite negotiations. Then Tuanku Imam Bonjol expressed willingness to negotiate. The talks were said to be no more than 14 days. For 14 days hoisted the white flag and the ceasefire in force.
Tuanku Imam Bonjol was asked to come to Palupuh, where talks, without a weapon. But it's just a trap to catch the Dutch Tuanku Imam Bonjol, it happened in the month of October 1837 and then Tuanku Imam Bonjol dlm pain condition was immediately taken to London and then continue to be brought to Padang, to then exiled. But on January 23, 1838, he was transferred to Cianjur, and by the end of 1838, he was again transferred to Ambon. Then on January 19, 1839, Tuanku Imam Bonjol was again transferred to Manado, and in this area after a period of exile for 27 years, on November 8, 1864, the Tuanku Imam Bonjol last breath.
Catching Tuanku Imam Bonjol
Although in 1837 the Fort Bonjol can be controlled by the Dutch, and Tuanku Imam Bonjol successfully tricked and captured, but the battle is still ongoing until the last bastion The Padri, in Dalu-Dalu [Rokan Hulu], who at that time was led by Tuanku Tambusai falls on December 28, 1838. the fall of the fort was forced Tuanku Tambusai retreat, along with the remnants of his followers moved to Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia, and eventually the war was considered finished and then Pagaruyung Kingdom is set to be part of the Pax Neerlandica & Bovenlanden Padangse region has been under the supervision of the Government Dutch East Indies.
Attitude Patriotism Heroism
The influence of this battle cultivate patriotism heroism for each party involved. After the fall of Fort Bonjol, Dutch East Indies government to build a monument to commemorate the story of this war. Then, since 1913, some of the locations where the battle occurred is marked with a monument and entered as a tourist area on the Minangkabau. Likewise, after the independence of Indonesia, the local government is also building a museum and monument in Bonjol and named the Museum & Monuments Tuanku Imam Bonjol. The struggle some figures dlm Padri War, prompting the Indonesian government then set Tuanku Imam Bonjol & Tuanku Tambusai as a National Hero.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://indonesiansocieti.blogspot.com/2016/04/imam-bonjol-struggle.html
Date Published: 19 April 2016 at 14:56
Tag : Imam Bonjol struggle.
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