The history of Afghanistan.

The capital city (and largest city) Kabul.

34 ° 69 ° 08'BT 32'LU
Afghanistan (Pashto / Dari: افغانستان, Afghanistan), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in South Asia and Central Asia. Has a population of about 32 million, making it the most populous country in the world to-42. The country is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan to the north; and China's far northeast. This area covers 652,000 sq km (252,000 sq mi), making it the 41st largest country in the world.

Classification.

Generally, Afghanistan is considered as South Asian countries, but there is no clear classification. This is because Afghanistan lies at the crossroads of Asia and influenced by various cultures surrounding countries. Afghanistan is generally classified as a South Asian country as it is one of the areas of "Indian Kingdom", ie areas that dipengaruh by the culture and beliefs of India such as Hinduism and Buddhism. However, Afghanistan is a place where the majority of Indian influence ended, right in the Hindu Kush mountains that stretches from the northeast to southwest Afghanistan.
Heading to the west of the Hindu Kush mountains of Afghanistan can be classified as Middle Eastern countries because it also included in the territory of "Greater Iran", the areas affected by the culture and customs of Iran (or Persian), such as languages ​​(Persian Afgani used by about 50% citizens) and religion (Islam embraced by almost 100% citizens, and denominations that characterize Iranian Shiites make up 20% of the Muslim population of Afghanistan. Afghanistan is also reportedly is the birthplace of Zoroastrianism, the official religion empires of pre-Islamic Persia). This is also supported by the position of Afghanistan as one of the main urban center of Persian empires (along with Iraq) when the territory is known as Khorasan.
Geographically, Afghanistan can be considered as the Central Asian countries along with the state "five -stan" another in the north, like Afghanistan, is also affected by the communist government of the Soviet Union in the mid 20th century. Topography and climate of Afghanistan also resembles the countries of Central Asia is dominated by high mountains snowy and normal climate in summer and very cold in winter.

Naming.

The name comes from Afghanistan Afghanistan said. The Pushtuns seems to have started using the term Afghan as a name for themselves from the Islamic period onwards. According W.K. Tyler Frazier, M.C. Gillet and several other scholars, "said Afghanistan first appeared in history in the Hudud al-Alam in 982 AD."
There is the view of many, about the origin of the name Afghanistan, most of them are purely speculative as can be seen below:
Makhzan-i-Afghni by Nematullah written in 1612 AD, Afghanistan or Pakhtun origin traces of super-Patriarch Abraham to King Talut or one named Saul. It states that Saul had a son Irmia (Jeremia), who had a son called Afghana. After the death of King Saul, Afghana raised by David, and was later promoted to command the army chief during the reign of King Solomon. Descendants of Afghana multiplied innumerable, and then called the Children of Israel. In the sixth century BC, Bakhtunnasar, or Nebuchadnezzar king of Babul, attacked Judah, and exiled descendants to Ghor Afghana located in the center of what is now Afghanistan. In the course of time, the exiled community came to be handled as Afghanistan after the name of their ancestors, and the country got its name as Afghanistan. The traditional view has many historical differences, and because it was not accepted by modern scientists to the hypothesis that the applicant last Bani-Israel Raverty Mayor (The Pathan, 1958, Olaf Caroe).
Another version of the legend Pashtun Afghana place, the eponymous ancestors claimed from Afghanistan or Pushtuns, as a contemporary Muslim Prophet Mohammed. After hearing about the new faith of Islam, Qais from Aryana trip to Medina to see the Prophet Muhammad Muslim, and returned to Aryana as a Muslim. Qais Abdur Rashid is said to have many sons, one of which is Afghana. Afghana, in turn, have four children who went to the east to establish the lineage of each. The first son went to Swat, the second to Lahore, and India, the third to Multan, and the latter to Quetta. This legend is one of the traditional story among the Pashtuns regarding the origin of those who are different. Again, this is a legendary Afghana otherwise been named Pushtuns them today. It should be noted that this legend Afghanistan Afghana times separated from Solomon by at least the 11th century.
Dr H.W. Bellew, in his book An Enquiry into the Ethnographic Afghanistan, Afghanistan believes that the name comes from the Latin term Alban, used by Armenians as Alvan or Alwan, which refers to the mountaineers, and in the case of Armenia character transliteration, would be pronounced as Aghvan or Aghwan. For Persia, it is further modified to Aoghan, Avghan, and Afghanistan as a reference to the plateau or "mountaineer" east of the Iranian plateau.
Some people argue that the name is derived from "Abagan" (ie without God) which declared the Persian term has been coined to Pushtuns to describe them as Godless or non-believers. It is claimed that Abagan word antonym of the word Bagan (= believe in God) just as apolitical is the antonym of the word politics in English.
There are also some people who link "Afghanistan" for the word of Uzbekistan "Avagan" word means "original". Others believe that the name comes from the Sanskrit upa-ganah, a word that means "allied tribes".
The other view is that the Afghan etymological clear name comes from the Sanskrit Ashvaka or Ashvakan (qv), which Assakenoi of Arrian. This view was expressed by JW McCrindle, and is supported by many modern scholars (including Lassen C, S. Martin, Bishop, Crooks, W. Crooke, JC Vidyalnar, MR Singh, P. Smith, NL Dey, Dr JL Kamboj, the S Kirpal Singh , and a few others). In Sanskrit, the word ashva (Iran Aspa, Prakrit assa) means "horse", and ashvaka (assaka Prakrit) means "horsemen". Pre-Christian times knew the people of eastern Afghanistan as Ashvakas (horsemen), because they raised a fine breed of horses, and has a reputation for providing expert cavalrymen. The fifth-century-BC Indian grammarian Panini their calls Ashvayana, and Ashvakayana. Aspasios classical writers use the equivalent of each (or Aspasii, Hippasii) and Assakenois (or Assaceni / Assacani, Asscenus). The Aspasios / Assakenois (= Ashvakas = cavalry), expressed as another name for Kambojas because their riding characteristics (see List of country name etymologies).
The last part of the name Afghanistan comes from the Persian word booth (country or land). The Afghanland English word that appeared in various treaties between Qajar-Persia, and the UK dealing with Eastern lands Persian Empire (modern Afghanistan) adopted by Afghanistan, and into Afghanistan.

History.

Before being called 'Afghanistan, the region already has several names in the long history of about 5000 years. One of the most ancient name, according to historians, and scholars, Ariana - ancient Greek pronunciations Aryanam Vaeja Avestan or Sanskrit "Aryavarta" Land of Aryans. This day-Ancient Persia, and Avesta language of expression is preserved in the name of Iran, and it is recorded in the name of Afghanistan's national airline, Ariana Airlines. The term 'Ariana Afghanistan still popular among Persian speakers in the country.
Centuries later, Afghanistan was part of Greater Khorasan, and therefore recognized with the name Khorasan (along with regions centered around Merv, and Neishabur), which in Pahlavi means "Land of the East" (خاور زمین in Persian).
Afghanistan is on-unique nexus point where many Eurasian civilizations have interacted and often fought, and is an important site of early historical activity. Through the ages, the area is known as Afghanistan has been invaded by a number of people, including Arya, Media, Persia, Greece, Maurya, Kushan, Sassanid, Arab, Turkish, British, and Soviet, but rarely have these groups managed to do a full control over the area. On other occasions, native Afghan entities have invaded surrounding regions to form their own kingdom.
Bamiyan Buddha, relics of 1st century pre-Islamic Afghanistan, is the largest Buddha statue in the world. They were destroyed by the Taliban in 2001. People who call them religious fanatics Un-IslamicBetween 2000 and 1200 BC, waves of Indo-European-speaking Aryans are thought to have flooded into modern-day Afghanistan, setting up a nation known as Aryānām Xšaθra, or " Land of the Aryans. " Zoroastrianism is speculated to have likely come from Afghanistan between 1800-800 BC. Ancient Eastern Iranian languages ​​such as Avestan may have been spoken in Afghanistan around the same time in line with the rise of Zoroastrianism. Around 1000 BC (or earlier), the Vedic civilization Indo-Aryan might have appeared near the valley around Kabul eastern Afghanistan, but this remains speculative as theories more worthy based on the archaeological findings tend to support the emergence of Vedic civilization east of, and Indus / or Ganges in what is now Pakistan, and India. In the mid-sixth century BC, the Persian Empire replaced the Media, and incorporated Aryana within its boundaries, and by 330 BC, Alexander the Great had invaded the region. After a brief occupation Alexander, Hellenic successor states of the Seleucids and Bactrians controlled the area, while from India annexed the southeast for a time Mauryans, and introduced Buddhism to the region until the area returned to the Bactrian rule.
During the 1st century AD, Kushan, Tocharian people of Central Asia with the Indo-European origin, occupied the region. Thereafter, Aryana fell to a number of Eurasian tribes - including Parthians, Scythians, and Huns, as well as the Sassanian Persians and local rulers like Shahis Hindu in Kabul - until the 7th century AD, when the Arab Muslim armies invaded the region.
The Arabs initially annexed parts of western Afghanistan in 652 and then conquered most of the rest of Afghanistan between 706-709 CE and given region as Khorasan, and more time locals embraced Islam, but retained their Iranian language. Afghanistan became the center of various important kingdom, including the Ghaznavid Empire (962-1151), which was founded by a local Turkish ruler from Ghazni named Yamin ul-Dawla Mahmud, expanded sovereignty over vast areas of Kurdistan northern part of India. This kingdom was replaced by Ghorid Empire (1151-1219), established by the local authority, this time Tajik extraction, Muhammad Ghori, which covers a large part of the region of Central and South Asia, and laid the foundations for the Sultanate of Delhi in India.
In 1219, the area was ruled by the Mongols under the leadership of Genghis Khan, who destroyed the land. Their power continued with Ilkhanates, and extended further following the invasion of Tamerlane (Eastern Leng), a ruler of Central Asia. By 1400, all come under his control Afghanistan, and he also laid the foundation of another Islamic empire in India, the Mughal Empire. Uzbek-born Babur, a descendant of both Tamerlane and Genghis Khan, established a kingdom with its capital in Kabul by 1504, and then extended to South Asia in 1525, and established the rule of the Mughal Empire throughout much of what is now Pakistan, and India north by 1527. As the empire shifted to the east, Safavid Persia challenged Mughal rule two days while the superpower empire fought over the fate of Afghanistan for decades to obtain Persian area by the mid 17th century.
Local Pashtun Ghilzai successfully overthrew the Safavid dynasty and under Hotaki, briefly controlled all or part of Persia itself from 1722 to 1736. After a brief period under the reign (1736-1747) of the Turko-Iranian conqueror Nadir Shah, one of his high-ranking military officer, Ahmad Shah Abdali, himself a Pashtun tribesman of the Abdali clan, called a loya jirga following Nadir Shah's assassination (which involve Abdali) in the year 1747. Afghans / Pashtuns came together in Kandahar in 1747, and chose Ahmad Shah, who changed his last name to Durrani ( 'pearl of pearls' which means in Persian), to be king. Afghanistan nation-state as it is known today emerged in 1747 as the Durrani Empire, and expanded outward from the Pashtun traditional to include all of what is now Afghanistan, most of Mashad in Iran, and all of Pakistan, and Kashmir as well. Durrani Empire lasted for nearly a century until internal conflicts, and war with the Persians and Sikhs diminished their empire by the early 19th century, however, this time the Afghan border will not be determined until the arrival of the British.
During the 19th century, after the Anglo-Afghan wars (fought in 1839-1842, 1878-1880, and the last in 1919), Afghanistan saw a lot of territory, and autonomy left to England. England made a lot of influence, and it was not until King Amanullah approved the throne in 1919 that Afghanistan back in full independence. During the period of British intervention in Afghanistan, ethnic Pashtun territories were divided by the Durand Line, and this will lead to strained relations between Afghanistan and India, and then the new state of Pakistan, over what was then known as Pashtunistan debate.
The rulers of Afghanistan history is part of the Abdali tribe of the ethnic Afghans, whose name was changed to the accession of Ahmad Shah Durrani. They come from a clan Popalzay Saddozay segment, or segments Mohammadzay Barakzay clan, ethnic Afghanistan. Mohammadzay are often equipped with a king Sadozay top counselor, who served as regent occasionally, and identify by name Mohammadzay.
Since 1900, eleven kings, and the authorities had uprooted through undemocratic means: in 1919 (assassination), 1929 (abdicated), 1929 (execution), 1933 (assassination), 1973 (deposition), 1978 (execution), 1979 ( execution), 1979 (execution), 1987 (deletion), 1992 (overthrow), 1996 (overthrow) and 2001 (overthrow).
The longest period of stability in Afghanistan between 1933 and 1973, when the country was under the rule of King Zahir Shah. However, in 1973, that Zahir's brother-in-law, Sardar Mohammed Daoud launched a bloodless coup. Daoud and his entire family were killed in 1978 when the communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan launched a coup known as the Great Saur Revolution and took over the government.
Opposition against, and conflict within, the series followed the communist government, is very large. As part of the strategy of the Cold War, the US government quietly began to fund and train anti-government forces of Mujahideen by secret service agents of Pakistan known as the Intelligence Service Inter or ISI, which is derived from the Muslims were not satisfied in this country who oppose atheism regime's official Marxists, in 1978. in order to strengthen the local Communist forces of the Soviet Union - citing the 1978 Friendship Treaty, cooperation and good neighborliness that has been signed between the two countries in 1978 - intervened on December 24, 1979. the Soviet Occupation resulted in a mass exodus more than 5 million Afghans who moved into refugee camps in Pakistan and Iran. More than 3 million alone settled in Pakistan. Faced with mounting international pressure, and the loss of about 15,000 Soviet soldiers as a result of Mujahideen opposition forces trained by the United States, Pakistan, and other foreign governments, the Soviets withdrew ten years later, in 1989. For further details, see Soviet war in Afghanistan.
The Soviet withdrawal was seen as a victory ideology in the US, which seems to have support of the Mujahideen in order to counter Soviet influence around the oil-rich Persian Gulf. After the removal of Soviet troops in 1989, the US and its allies lost interest in Afghanistan and did little to help rebuild the war-torn country. The Soviet Union continued to support the regime of Dr Najubullah (formerly head of the secret service, Khad) until its fall in 1992. However, the absence of Soviet troops resulted in the government as it continues to lose ground to the guerrilla forces.
Since most of the elites, and intellectuals had either been systematically eliminated by the Communists, or fleeing to seek refuge abroad, a dangerous leadership vacuum emerged. Fighting continued between various Mujahideen factions, eventually leading to a state of warlordism. Chaos and corruption that dominated post-Soviet Afghanistan in turn spawned the rise of the Taliban in response to the growing chaos. The most serious battles during the civil conflict that developed occurred in 1994, when 10,000 people were killed in factional fighting in Kabul.
Utilizing the chaotic situation in Afghanistan, including some areas bedfellows Afghan fundamentalists were trained in camps in western Pakistan, the secret services of Pakistani intelligence (ISI), the Mafia area (established network that smuggled mainly Japanese electronics, and tires prior to the Russian invasion, are now involved in drug smuggling) and Arab extremist groups (who are looking for a safe operational hub) joined, and helped to create the Taliban movement (Rashid 2000). Backed by Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and other strategic allies, the Taliban developed as a political-religious force and eventually seized power in 1996. The Taliban were able to capture 90% of the country, apart from the Afghan Northern Alliance strongholds primarily found in the northeast in the Panjshir Valley , The Taliban sought to apply a strict interpretation of Islamic Sharia law, and provide a safe haven and assistance to individuals and organizations involved as terrorists, particularly Al-Qaeda network of Osama bin Laden.
US and allied military action in support of the opposition after the 11 September, 2001 Terrorist Attacks forced the fall of the Taliban. In late 2001, the main leader of the Afghan opposition groups and diaspora met in Bonn, and approved a plan for the formulation of a new government structure that resulted in the inauguration of Hamid Karzai as Chairman of the Afghan Interim Authority (AIA) in December 2001. After a nationwide Loya Jirga in 2002, Karzai was elected president.
On March 3, and March 25, 2002, a series of earthquakes struck Afghanistan, with the loss of thousands of homes, and more than 1800 lives. More than 4000 people were injured. The earthquake occurred at Samangan Province (March 3) and Baghlan Province (March 25). The latter is the worse of the two, and caused the most casualties. Assist the Afghan government and international authorities in dealing with situations.
As the country continues to rebuild and recover, at the end of 2005, still struggling against widespread poverty, warlordism continued, the infrastructure is almost non-existent, perhaps the largest concentration in the earth's land mine exploded, and other regulations, as well as sizeable, and trade illegal opium heroin. Afghanistan also remains subject to occasionally violent political jockeying, and the nation's first elections were successfully held in 2004 as women parliamentarians elected in record numbers. Parliamentary elections in 2005 helped to further stabilize the country politically, despite the many problems it faces, including inadequate international assistance. The country continues to grapple with occasional acts of violence from some remnants of Al-Qaeda and the Taliban, and instability caused by warlords.
Afghanistan is currently led by president Hamid Karzai, who was elected in October 2004. Before the election, Karzai leads the country after having been elected by the administration of United States' President Bush to head the interim government after the fall of the Taliban. The current cabinet includes members of the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan, and a mix of local and other ethnic groups that are formed from the transitional government by the Loya jirga (grand council). Former King Mohammed Zahir Shah returned to the country, but did not return as king and only exercises limited ceremonial powers.
Based on the Bonn Agreement the Afghan Constitution Commission was established to consult with the public, and formulate the draft constitution. The meeting of the constitutional loya jirga was held in December 2003, when a new constitution was adopted creating a presidential form of government with a bicameral legislature.
Forces and intelligence services of the United States, and other countries were present, some to keep the peace, others assigned to hunt down remnants of the Taliban and al Qaeda. A United Nations peacekeeping force called the International Security Assistance Force in Kabul has been in operation since December 2001. NATO took control of this force on August 11, 2003. Some countries remain under the control of warlords.
On March 27, 2003, Afghan deputy defense minister and powerful warlord General Abdul Rashid Dostum created the Office for the North Zone of Afghanistan and appointed officials to it, against the command of then-interim president Hamid Karzai that there are no zones in Afghanistan.
Eurocorps took over responsibility for the NATO-led ISAF in Kabul August 9, 2004.
National elections were held on October 9, 2004. More than 10 million Afghans registered to vote. Most of the 17 candidates opposing Karzai boycotted the election, charging fraud; an independent commission found evidence of fraud, but decided that it did not affect the results of the poll. Karzai won 55.4% of the vote. He was sworn in as president on December 7. This is the first national elections in the country since 1969, when the last parliamentary elections were held.
On 18 September 2005, parliamentary elections were held; Parliament opened on December 19 following. On December 20, a close ally of President Karzai, and the first mujahideen government, Sibghatullah Mojadeddi, was selected to head home over 102 seats. On December 21, Yunus Qanuni, leader of the Afghan opposition, and Karzai's main opponent was chosen to lead the 249-seat lower house of parliament by 122 votes against 117 for the nearest challenger.

Afghan politics.

Now, a provisional government was established. Chaired by president Hamid Karzai, mostly members of the Northern Alliance, and a mix of local and other ethnic groups that are formed from the transitional government by the Loya jirga. Former king Zahir Shah returned to the country, but not reinstated as king and only exercises limited ceremonial powers.
Approval under the Bonn Agreement (Bonn Agreement), the Afghan Constitution Commission was established to consult with the public, and formulate a draft constitution. Scheduled to release a draft on September 1, 2003, the commission has asked for a delay in order to undertake further consultations. Meetings loya jirga (grand council) was held unconstitutional in December 2003 when a new constitution was adopted which created a presidential form of government.
Forces and intelligence services of the US and several other countries were present, some to keep the peace, others assigned to hunt down the rest of the Taliban and al-Qaeda. United Nations Peacekeeping Force operations call the International Security Assistance Force in Kabul, began in December 2001. NATO took control of this force on 11 August 2003. Most of the country remains under the control of warlords.
On March 27, 2003, Wamenhan Afghanistan, and an influential warlord General Abdul Rashid Dostum created a task for the North Zone of Afghanistan and officials to lift the injunction against the interim president Hamid Karzai that no more zones in Afghanistan.

Demographics.

Afghanistan is home to a number of tribes. However, due to the lack of adequate counter jiwaan, so it is not known for sure the actual conditions. And is available now only based on mere estimates. Based on records from the CIA World Factbook (updated on May 17, 2005), demographic tribe in Afghanistan is as follows: Pashto 42%, concentrated in eastern and southern Afghanistan; Tajik 27% centered in the north and Kabul; Hazara 9% centered including Bamiyan in central Afghanistan; Uzbek 9%; Aimak4%; Turkmen 3%; Baluchi 2% and the remaining 4% were Mencius Wakhidan Kyrgyz.
There are two official languages ​​of Afghanistan which is often called the Persian Afgani From (50%), and Pashtun (35%). Many other languages ​​are Turkic languages ​​(Uzbek and Turkmenistan are used by 11% of subjects), and 30 small languages, mainly Baluchi, and Pashai (4%). Many Afghans are able to use two languages ​​or more.
According to the religion of most Afghans are Sunni Muslims (80%), Shiite Muslims (19%), and others (1%).

Geography of Afghanistan.

Afghanistan is a mountainous country, though there are plains in the north and southwest. The highest point in Afghanistan, Nowshak, is 7485 m above sea level. Most of the country are dry, and fresh water supplies are limited. Afghanistan has a land climate, with hot summers and cold winters. The country is frequently subject to earthquakes.

Economy Afghanistan.

Afghanistan is a relatively poor country, highly dependent on agriculture and livestock. Its economy is weakening due to political unrest, and military hot, dry extra hard to trouble the nation between 1998-2001. Most of the population suffer from insufficient food, clothing, housing, and lack of health care. This condition is exacerbated by military operations and political uncertainty. Inflation remains a problem. Following the war US-led coalition that lead to the fall of the Taliban in November 2001, and the establishment of the Afghan Interim Authority (AIA) as a result of the Bonn Agreement in December 2001, efforts International to rebuild Afghanistan addressed at the Tokyo Donors Conference for the Reconstruction of Afghanistan in January 2002, in which $ 4.5 million was collected for the trust fund will be managed by the World Bank. Priority areas for reconstruction include the construction of education, health and sanitation facilities, enhancement of administrative capacity, the development of the agricultural sector, and rebuilding of roads, energy, and telecommunications networks.

Afghan culture.

Many of this country's historic monuments damaged in the wars in recent years. 2 units famous Bamiyan Buddha statue in Bamiyan Province were destroyed by the Taliban because regarded as a symbol of another religion.
Afghans are known as horse riders. Sports are well known as Buzkashi well known there.
Before the Taliban gained power, the city of Kabul was home to many musicians who are experts in traditional Afghan music, and modern. Kabul at half of the 20th century together with Vienna during the XVIII and XIX centuries.
See also: Radio Kabul, Afghanistan Music

Education in Afghanistan.

In the spring of 2003, it is estimated that 30% of Afghanistan's 7,000 schools had been seriously damaged during more than two decades of Soviet occupation, civil war and Taliban domination. Only half of the schools were reported to have clean water, with less than 40% are estimated to have access to adequate sanitation. Education for boys was not a priority during the Taliban period, and girls removed from schools outright.
With regard to poverty, and violence around them, a study in 2002 by Save the Children aid group said Afghan children were resilient and courageous. The study credited the strength of the institution of family, and the environment.
Up to four million Afghan children, possibly the largest number, believed to have enrolled for class for the school years that began in March 2003.
The literacy rate of the total population estimated at 36%.

Hamid Karzai, President of the Small Salaried Rich from US Money.

Being the president did not ensure that you live in luxury with a super large salary every month. That experienced by Afghan President Hamid Karzai is now among the leadership ranks of the poorest countries in the world.
With a salary of $ 525 per month, income is of course much lower than some of the leaders of other countries. The problem, he is also suspected of receiving huge money from the CIA, members of the US spy who frequently visited his office.
A glimpse on Karzai, himself born from a family of politicians. His father, grandfather until his uncle is a political players in Afghanistan, the world is finally occupied Karzai.
Really issues that Karzai is a spy agencies the United States? Here's her story as quoted by The Richest, BBC, and a number of other sources.

In 1957, Hamid Karzai was born as a descendant of politician. His father was the Deputy Speaker of the Parliament in the 1960s while his grandfather was the Vice Chairman of the Senate in the 1920s.
Not only that, his uncle is the deputy of Afghanistan at the United Nations in the 1960s. Karzai himself to study political science at the University of Himachal Pradesh in India and successfully obtained a master's degree.
After completing his education, he worked at a fundraising organization in Pakistan to help the anti-communist party during the Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
After leading the mujahideen leaders in Kabul and the collapse of the Soviet Union, he successfully served as Deputy Foreign Minister.

While serving as deputy minister, Vice President Mohammad Fahim accused him of spying for the enemy. Shortly afterwards he was arrested and thrown into prison.
When the Taliban came to the nation of Afghanistan in the 1990s, he believes the government will help eradicate corruption in the country. But after the Taliban nation accused of killing his father, he began trying to destroy it.
In late 2001, Karzai and his cabinet toppled the Taliban regime. He then attended the International Conference on Afghanistan in the German government and elected as Chairman of the Interim Administration within a period of six months.
A year later, Karzai was elected as Interim President for two years. In 2004, he then won the most votes and was elected president of Afghanistan official.

His political career is fairly brilliant, he then re-elected as president in 2009. During two terms as president, Karzai could reap the controversy because of the small salary.
Even his salary is lower than the world's poorest president who choose to donate 90 percent of his income. Officially, he reportedly only received a salary of $ 525 per month.
Although underpaid, reportedly tens of millions of dollars in cash flow from the CIA to the office of Afghan President Karzai.

The money is distributed using a suitcase, backpack up shopping bags so as not to arouse suspicion.
Initially, the flow of funds is channeled so that the CIA could have influence in Afghanistan. Ironically, the chubby funds would trigger action that is considered Karzai's corruption.

So far, the biggest source of corruption in Afghanistan is the US. The clerks at the office of the president of Afghanistan even call `ghost money`.
With a small salary, Karzai and his family are becoming rich during his two terms as president. The fact that until now still not realized the wider community.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
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Name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://www.indonesiansocieti.blogspot.com/2016/05/the-history-of-afghanistan.html
Date Published: May 12 2016 at 16:46

Tag : Afghanistan.