Who would not have heard the term Bandung Lautan Api? Yes, Bandung Sea of Fire is one of the historical events are so popular. This historic event took place when Indonesia is facing an attempt to retain its independence after the proclamation of independence in 1945.
Bandung Lautan Api is a designation for perisiwa burning of the city of Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia in an effort to maintain the independence of Indonesia. Combustion is carried out by residents of Bandung as a form of response to the ultimatum by the allies were ordered to vacate Bandung.
Bandung Lautan Api incident occurred in March 1946. Great history was conducted by Bandung residents who number around 200,000 people. Them, within seven hours of burning homes and their possessions before akhirny leave Bandung.
Background Bandung Lautan Api
Bandung Lautan Api event is motivated by several things, namely:· Brigade Mac Donald or allies demanded that the residents of Bandung in order to hand over all the weapons from the decommissioning of Japan to the Allies.
· Allies issued an ultimatum that it ordered that the northern part of Bandung city emptied of residents of Indonesia no later than November 29, 1945.
· Allied Bandung split into two sectors, namely the northern sector and the southern sector.
· Plan for the rebuilding of allied headquarters in Bandung.
Chronology occurrence of Bandung Lautan Api
Bandung Lautan Api chronology can be traced from the event when the Allied forces landed in Bandung. British Forces Brigade part of MacDonald arrived in Singapore in October 1945.Bandung fighters when it was in full swing and the weapons seized power from the hands of Japan.
Relations between the government of Indonesia with the allies were also being strained. At such times, the Allies demanded that all firearms in the hands of the population, except for TKR and the police, handed over to the Allies.
However, the newly arrived allies have requested the Indonesian side to surrender all weapons disarmament result of Japan. This is confirmed by an ultimatum issued by the Allies. The contents of the ultimatum is that the disarmament of weapons of Japan immediately handed over to the Allies and population Bandung Indonesia immediately vacate no later than November 29, 1945 on the grounds of public security.
Plus, those Dutch who was recently released from a prison camp also began to perform actions that compromise the security of the people. It is even more encouraging their armed clash between England and TKR (People's Security Army) become unavoidable.
On the night of 21 November1945, TKR and agencies struggle kedudukan- Indonesia launched an attack on Britain's position in the northern part of Bandung. Hotel Homann and Hotel Preanger used as the headquarters of the enemy also not spared from attacks.
In response to this attack, three days later, MacDonald delivered an ultimatum to the Governor of West Java. This ultimatum shows that North Bandung vacated by residents of Indonesia, including the armed forces.
Indonesian people who heard this ultimatum no attention. Therefore, fighting broke out between fighters allied and Bandung at the date of December 6, 1945.
Then, on March 23, 1946, the allies repeated the ultimatum. Allies ordered TRI (Army of the Republic of Indonesia) promptly leave the city of Bandung. Hearing the ultimatum, the government of Indonesia in Jakarta and then instruct that TRI vacate the city of Bandung for the safety of the people.
However, this command is different to that given from TRI headquarters in Yogyakarta. From Yogyakarta, exit instruction to survive in Bandung. In this period, the allies also divided into two sectors Bandung, Bandung namely North and South Bandung. Then, allies urged the people to leave the North Bandung Indonesia.
The situation in the city is becoming increasingly precarious. This town atmosphere became tense and dipunuhi people -people who panicked. The fighters also confused in following different instructions from the center of Jakarta and Yogyakarta. Finally, the fighters Indonesia decided to launch a major offensive against allied -besaran dated March 24, 1946.
Indonesian fighters attacked the allied outposts. They also set fire to the entire city of North Bandung. After successfully ripped through North Bandung, then they are going to resign from the North Bandung. This action was carried out by 200,000 people for 7 hours.
Bandung condition which is filled with a sea of fire like this is what makes this event dubbed as the Bandung Lautan Api.
Interest burn Bandung.
The fighters Bandung Bandung choose to burn and then leave for certain reasons. The aim is to prevent the Allied forces and NICA Netherlands in utilizing the strategic city of Bandung as their military headquarters in the Indonesian War of Independence.Bandung burning operation is referred to as operation "bumihangus". The decision to burn down the city of Bandung reached by consensus Assembly Persatoean Priangan Struggle (MP3), which is conducted in the presence of all the power struggle of the Republic of Indonesia, dated March 23, 1946.
The results of the meeting it was announced by Colonel Abdel Haris Nasution as Commander of Division III TRI. He also ordered the evacuation of the city of Bandung. Then, that same day, the delegation of the residents of Bandung flow. The burning of the city held at night while the residents to leave Bandung.
With the burning of the city of Bandung, the Bandung allies can not use as a military strategic headquarters. This scorched earth operation makes high billowing black smoke blanketed the city of Bandung. All electrical participate outages.
In the midst of this precarious situation, the British army was attacked so fierce fighting inevitable. The battle occurred in the village Dayeuhkolot, south of Bandung. This is where there is a large ammunition depot belonging to the Allied Forces.
Apparently, the Indonesian fighter Muhammad Toha and Ramdan, two militiamen BRI (Barisan Indonesian people) got a mission of destroying the ammunition depot. Muhammad Toha successfully detonated armory with dynamite. However, the militia were burned in a large warehouse diledakkannya it.
Initially, the staff of Bandung city administration plans to remain in the city. However, for the sake of their safety, then at 21.00, they also participate in group evacuated from Bandung.
Since then, around 24.00, Bandung empty of inhabitants and TRI. Meanwhile, the fire is still rising burn the city, so Bandung became a sea of fire.
This scorched earth operations strategy is the right strategy for TRI strength and people's militia is not proportional to the strength of the Allies and NICA were great. After perisitewa Bandung Lautan Apitersebut, then TRI along with people's militia to fight from the outside Bandung by way of guerillas.
Originally Nickname Bandung Lautan Api.
The term or the term 'Bandung Sea of Fire' to these events appear in the daily Suara Merdeka on March 26, 1946. When the burning was taking place, a young journalist, Atje Bastaman, watched from the hills of Mount Leutik around Pameungpeuk, Garut.From the top of that, Atje Bastaman see Bandung flushed from Cicadas up to Cimindi. Therefore, as soon as he arrived in Tasikmalaya, Atje Bastaman vigorously immediately write the word about this event and titled "Laoetan Thus Bandoeng of Fire".
However, the lack of space for writing the title makes the title so he had to make shorter, ie to "Laoetan Bandoeng of Fire".
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://indonesiansocieti.blogspot.com/2016/04/bandung-lautan-api.html
Date Published: 18 April 2016 at 18:11
