The name and title.
The original name of Tuanku Imam Bonjol is Muhammad Shahab, who was born in Bonjol in 1772. He was the son of the couple Bayanuddin (father) and Hamatun (mother). His father, Khatib Bayanuddin, is one of the scholars who came from Rimbang River, Suliki, Fifty Cities. As scholars and local community leaders, Muhammad Shahab obtain some degree, ie Peto Syarif, Malin Bases, and Tuanku Imam. Tuanku nan Renceh of Kamang, Agam as one of the leaders of the Tiger nan Salapan is appointed as the Imam (leader) for Padri in Bonjol. He eventually better known as Tuanku Imam Bonjol.A history of struggle.
It can not be denied, leaving the Padri War traumatic memories at once heroic in the memory of the nation. For about the first 18 years of the war (1803-1821) that warfare is practically fellow Minang and Batak Mandailing or generally.At first the onset of the war was based on a desire among clerical leaders in the kingdom Pagaruyung to implement and enforce Sharia Law in accordance with the Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah (Sunni) who cling to the Qur'an and Sunnah-sunnah Rasullullah Allaah alaihi wasallam. Then the leader of the clergy who joined the Tigers nan Salapan ask my lord to invite Yang Di-Pertuan Lintau Pagaruyung along with Indigenous tribe to abandon some habits that are not in accordance with Islam (heresy).
In some negotiations there is no agreement between The Padri (naming the clergy) with Indigenous People. As it was in several villages in the kingdom Pagaruyung volatile, and until tribe Padri led Tuanku Pagaruyung Pasaman attacked in 1815, and fighting broke out in Koto Tangah near stone cage. Sultan Arifin Muningsyah forced to flee from the royal capital to Lubukjambi.
On February 21, 1821, the Indigenous formally cooperate with the Dutch East Indies government fight the Padri in the agreement signed in Padang, as compensation for the Netherlands got the right of access and control over the territory darek (inland Minangkabau). The agreement was also attended by the rest of the family dynasty Pagaruyung under Sultan Alam Tangkal Bagagar already in Padang that time.
Dutch intervention in the war was marked by attacks Simawang and Hard Water by army Captain Captain Dienema Goffinet and early April 1821 on the orders of the Resident James du Puy in Padang, In this case, the Company engaged in a war for "invited" by the Indigenous.
Resistance conducted by Padri forces are strong enough so it is very difficult for the Netherlands to subdue. Therefore the Netherlands through the Governor General Johannes van den Bosch invites Padri tribe leader who at that time was led by Tuanku Imam Bonjol to terms with intimation Masang Treaty in 1824. This is understandable because at the same time Batavia also run out of funds in the face of another war in Europe and Java, such as Java War. But then this agreement is violated by the Dutch by attacking villages Sikek Clever.
However, since the beginning of the war in 1833 turned into a war between the Indigenous and the Padri against the Netherlands, both parties shoulder to shoulder against the Netherlands, Parties who originally opposed finally united against the Netherlands. At the end of remorse appears consciousness, invited the Netherlands in conflict precisely miserable Minangkabau society itself. Merging of the Indigenous and Padri begins with compromise known as plaque Peak Pato in Tabek Patah who embody the consensus Indigenous basandi Syarak, Syarak basandi Kitabullah (Adat based, Bible based on the Book of Allah (Qur'an)).
Tuanku Imam Bonjol remorse for the actions Padri on fellow Minang, Batak Mandailing and, reflected in the words Adopun law was malampau deck Kitabullah many Kito Juo act. Baa your deck? (As many law Kitabullah already terlangkahi by us. How do you guys mind?).
Assault and siege of the fortress Padri in Bonjol by the Dutch from all directions for about six months (16 March to 17 August 1837), led by generals and officers the Netherlands, but the soldiers who are mostly indigenous people consisting of various ethnic groups, such as Javanese, Madurese, Bugis, and Ambon. In the list of names of the officers of the Dutch troops, there Cochius Major General, Lieutenant Colonel Bauer, Mayor Sous, Captain MacLean, Lieutenant Van der Tak, Vice Lieutenant Steinmetz. and so on, but also contained the names of Inlandsche (indigenous) as Captain Noto Prawiro, Inlandsche Luitenant Prawiro in Logo, Karto Wongso Wiro Redjo, Prawiro Sentiko, Prawiro Brotto, and Merto Poero.
There are 148 European officers, 36 officers natives, 1,103 European troops, 4,130 indigenous soldiers, Sumenapsche hulptroepen hieronder begrepen (auxiliaries Sumenep, Madura). The attack on the castle began to snag Bugis people who are in the front in the attack defense Padri.
From Batavia brought additional strength kept the Dutch army, which on July 20, 1837 arrived by ship Perle in Padang, Captain Sinninghe, a number of Europeans and Africans, one sergeant, four korporaals and 112 flankeurs. The latter refers to the African soldiers recruited by the Dutch on the continent, now Ghana and Mali. They also called Sepoys and served in the Dutch army.
Arrest and exile.
Having come to the aid of Batavia, the Dutch started to resume the siege, and in the later period, the position of Tuanku Imam Bonjol more difficult, but he is still not willing to surrender to the Netherlands. So far for the third time the Netherlands to replace the commander of the war to seize Bonjol, which is a small country with a fortress of clay in the vicinity surrounded by moats. It was only on August 16, 1837, Fort Bonjol can be mastered after a long siege.In October 1837, Tuanku Imam Bonjol was invited to Palupuh to negotiate. Arrived on the scene immediately arrested and exiled to Cianjur, West Java. Then transferred to Ambon and finally to Lotak, Minahasa, near Manado. In the last place that he died on November 8, 1864. Tuanku Imam Bonjol buried in the exile
Appreciation.
The struggle has been done by Tuanku Imam Bonjol can be appreciation for his heroism in resisting the occupation, as an award from the Indonesian government that represents the people of Indonesia in general, Tuanku Imam Bonjol was appointed as a National Hero of Indonesia on 6 November 1973.Besides the name of Tuanku Imam Bonjol was also present in the nation's public space as a street name, the stadium's name, the name of the university, even at Rp 5,000 sheet output of Bank Indonesia 6 November 2001.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://indonesiansocieti.blogspot.com/2016/04/tuanku-imam-bonjol.html
Date Published: 19 April 2016 at 13:56
