History of Benito Mussolini.

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (Italian pronunciation: (Benito Mussolini); born July 29, 1883 - died 28 April 1945 at the age of 61 years) is an Italian politician and leader of the National Fascist Party. He is the dictator of Italy in the period 1922-1943. He was forced to resign as Prime Minister of Italy on July 28, 1943 after a series of defeats Italy in Africa. After being arrested, he was isolated. Two years later, he was executed in Como, northern Italy. Mussolini put an end to a decade as in Germany conducted dictator Adolf Hitler with his Nazi. He is known as Il Duce and the originator of fascism.

Life.

Mussolini was born in Predappio, Forlì (Emilia-Romagna). His father was a blacksmith Alessandro Rosa and her mother a school teacher. Like his father, he became a socialist heavy. In 1902 he emigrated to Switzerland. Because of difficult to find a permanent job, he moved to Italy. In 1908 he joined the Austrian newspaper in the city of Trento.
Get out of there, he became editor of a socialist newspaper la Lotta in Class (Class antagonism). Here the enthusiasm for Karl Heinrich Marx bigger. In 1910, he served as secretary of the socialist party in Forlì regional level and personality develop into antipatriot. When Italy declared war on the Ottoman Empire in 1911, he was jailed for propaganda of peace. This contradicts the later performance.
Once was appointed editor socialist newspaper Avanti, he moved to Milan, where he establish himself as a force influential on socialist labor leaders Italy. He believes, the proletariat can dibuhul in motion Fascio. Perhaps it is the forerunner of the Nazi movement, which was born at a time when the Italian economy deteriorated due to the war, and unemployment spread everywhere.
In March 1919, fascism becomes a political movement when he formed a group known as the Battle for black clothes, namely a collection of crooks, criminals, and thugs who acted as a bouncer at the financiers. Their appearance spooky and each day got into a fight in the streets.
After failing in the election in 1919, he developed an understanding group, so that began under the influence. They, fascists, rejected the parliament and promoting physical violence. Anarchy broke out everywhere. Liberal governments are powerless. He brought the "gang" it, a large number of fascists were looking grim, to do Marching into Rome.
Seeing the group of thugs faced armature on Rome, King Vittorio Emanuele III shrink hesitant. Mussolini invited to the palace and given the position of the Leader. In October 1922, the king asked him to form a new government. Be Italian managed fascist government.

His first breakthrough after taking office, was to attack Ethiopia with reference to the racist views of Charles Robert Darwin, "the Ethiopian nation's lower classes, because it includes blacks. If governed by a superior race like Italy, it was a natural result of evolution." In fact, he insisted that nations evolve through battle. So be Italy at that time one of the nation feared his behavior was.
Troubling, when he occupied Abbesinia 1937, the world gasped in cash. Her closest friends in Europe is Adolf Hitler, and they made an alliance, which is dragging Italy into World War II on the side of Germany in 1940. However, his forces finally defeated in Greece, Africa, and the Soviet Union (Russia), and Italy itself was eventually overrun by forces the United Kingdom and the United States in 1943. at that time Mussolini had been deposed by king Victor Emmanuel III and detained at Campo Imperatore, a secluded mountain resort in Abruzzo.
Shortly thereafter, the German special forces managed to liberate and restore power in northern Italy. However, in practice he ruled as a figurehead, the real power is the people of Nazi Germany. End of history arrived shortly afterwards. When finally Fascist Italy was defeated in 1945, he, with his wife Sirinya, and three of his supporters were arrested and then shot dead by insurgents Italy (precisely communist group) in a village called Giulino Mezzegra and hung them upside down and shown to the public in gas station in Piazza Loreto, Milan. Before being hanged, their bodies were brought to the scene and fired repeatedly, spat at, pelted with stones and kicked by angry people to lunge Mussolini and his Fascist Party. It aims to undermine the morale of people fascists and as revenge for the hanging of a few partisans in the same place by Axis authorities. Moments later, partisans capturing a loyalist and one of the leaders of the fascists, Achille Starace and he was shown the bodies of Mussolini. He paid tribute to the leader just before he himself was shot to death and hanged helped with the corpse of Mussolini. The bodies of Mussolini and then buried in unmarked grave at Mussoco. A year later, on Easter Sunday, the remnants of his supporters to dig his grave back and then hidden at a place called Certosa de Pavia, near Milan. Problems bodies of Mussolini had become controversial in Italy at the time and eventually, the bodies of Mussolini discovered and "kept" for 10 years before it was buried in Predappio, Emilia-Romagna, where he was born.

The dictator Benito Mussolini.

World War II (WWII), the name of Benito Mussolini should not a foreign name. True, it is the name of the leader of Italy during WWII. Together with the German leader Adolf Hitler, Mussolini led Italy rocked mainland Europe and Africa through a devastating war which was also the bloodiest war in human history. Although lunge Italy in World War II can not be said to be special, Mussolini's regime still leaves the impression itself in the course of world history.

Everything starts from a small town called Predappio located in Emilia Romagna, northern Italy. In the city, on July 29, 1883, Benito Mussolini was born into the world of couples artisan blacksmith and a school teacher. Mussolini family life can be said to be unique because both parents Mussolini had the mindset of the very opposite. If the father is the adherents of socialism Mussolini who tend antipathy towards religion, the mother of Mussolini was a very devout Catholic. Mussolini famous as a small child who is temperamental and often create problems at school.

In 1901, Mussolini joined the membership of the Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI; the Italian Socialist Party). A year later, Mussolini moved to Switzerland in order to avoid military service in Italy. During his stay in Switzerland, Mussolini continued to show enthusiasm for socialism and participated in meetings held by the local socialist group. In 1909, Mussolini moved to Austria and publish their own newspapers. But he was expelled shortly afterwards after the nationalists and the Austrian military was offended to the article written by Mussolini.

Expelled from Austria, Mussolini and then returned to Italy. In this country of his birth, Mussolini continued to hone his speeches and writings spawned many expressing sympathy to understand the left wing. He was even put in prison in 1911 because he and his socialist colleagues tried to rally nationwide strike. But it did not make Mussolini kapok and even more bounce in popularity in the eyes of fellow left-wing sympathizers. As a result, in 1912 Mussolini was elected to the executive committee of the PSI and editor of the daily newspaper "Avanti!" which holds the left wing.

Life of Mussolini in Italy is not only a matter tinged political struggle. In 1914, Mussolini was married to Ida Dalser and blessed with a son whom they named Benito Albino Mussolini. A year later, Mussolini married Rachele Guidi back to the women who actually had it dated at all since 1910. So that affair did not become a public scandal, Mussolini and then dumped his first wife and his own son while issuing threats so that no open your mouth about Mussolini's first marriage. From marriage to Guidi, Mussolini was 2 daughters, namely Edda & Anna Maria Mussolini.

The changing political views Mussolini.

In 1914, the Austrian crown prince killed by Bosnian-Serb extremists that broke the World War I (PDI). The Italian government tried to not become involved in the war and declared themselves to be in a neutral position. Initially Mussolini supports the stance of the Italian government. Soon, however, Mussolini changed his attitude and wrote a number of articles that contain calls for the Italian authorities immediately involved in the war. The writings of Mussolini directly mengudang ire of anti-war socialist party so that in November 1914, they decided to kick Mussolini quit the PSI.

In 1915, Mussolini joined the Italian army, but dropped out two years later after he was in an accident in a military exercise. 1918, PDI ended with the victory of Italy and its allies. But the war left the dissatisfaction of the people of Italy because Italy failed to get a new region after the war despite already sacrificing so many soldiers. The situation is then used by Mussolini to establish a group of extreme right-wing named Fasci in Combattimento (FC; set Tempur) in 1919. The name was changed to FC ago Partito Nazionale Fascista (PNF; the National Fascist Party) in 1921.

In the same year as the founding of FC, Mussolini also founded the right-wing paramilitary group called "Squadristi". The main function of Squadristi is to attack and intimidate political opponents FC. In addition to the name Squadristi, the same group also known as the "Camicia Nera" (Black Shirt) because its members often use black clothing when in action. Just in the short time since its establishment, Squadristi successfully grown to be one of the most feared groups in Italy. In the summer of 1922 for example, Squadristi burned houses belonging to the communists in northern Italy.

Month of October 1922, in the midst of the heat of the social and political conditions in Italy, Mussolini ordered the members Squadristi stormed the capital Rome. He wants to send the message indirectly to the king and the Italian parliament that right-wing uprising would soon erupt if the demand is not met. The maneuver succeeded. On October 31, 1922, Benito Mussolini was appointed Prime Minister of Italy. To strengthen its position, Mussolini issued new policies are becoming increasingly authoritarian. Activities demonstrations and workers' strikes are prohibited and PNF to be the only political party allowed to stand.

Style iron rule of Mussolini in fact successfully stabilize the situation in the country back in Italy. But these achievements are still not making "Il Duce" - a nickname for Mussolini which means "the Leader" - was satisfied. He aspires to make Italy as one superpower with vast stretches of territory. As a first step to realize these ambitions, Italian forces launched an invasion of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in October 1935. Mussolini direct action drew condemnation from world peace organization the League of Nations (LBB). However, as a result of a lack of rigor shown LBB, the intention of making Abyssinia Mussolini as part of the territory of Italy was unstoppable again.

Italy in World War II.

Date May 22, 1939, Mussolini and Adolf Hitler - German dictator - signed the "Pact of Steel", a formal agreement regarding the military alliance between Italy and Germany. A few months later, or rather in September 1939, Germany invaded Poland at once began outbreak of World War II (WWII). Italy itself is not directly involved in the war for the Italian military was not yet in a state ready for combat. But after seeing the winning streak of Germany, Mussolini who can not wait longer then ordered his army to invade southern France in 1940. In the same year, Italian troops also began its invasion of Greek territory.

Europe is not the only field of conflict that tested by the Italians. East & North Africa, Italian troops involved in the conflict with the British troops were colonies adjacent to an Italian colony. Because the British forces are more skilled and experienced, they managed to corner the Italian troops. Which is not much different fate also suffered by Italian troops in Greece. To prevent Italy actually lost entirely, Germany was sending troops to the Balkans and North Africa. As a result, Greece was conquered, while the British troops in North Africa was repelled. But Italy must be willing to let the colonies in East Africa annexed by the British.

1943 was a turning point of World War II. German forces were initially so superior start to exhaustion on a battlefield. While the Italian region also started devastated by a wave of air raids of the Allies. Mussolini popularity began to erode and parties who had initially supported Mussolini turned to excommunicate him. In order to seek a truce with the Allies, the king then ordered the arrest of Mussolini's Italy on July 25, 1943. Lucky for Mussolini, the German special forces managed to free himself on September 12, 1943. Mussolini back to lead Italy, but this time only includes the local authority northern Italy.

Fortunately unattainable, can not be denied. The areas in Europe that was originally occupied by the Germans won by the Allies 1-by-1 so that the defeat of Germany is only a matter of time. Aware that the situation on the battlefield no longer friends, Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci were named tried to flee to Switzerland. But in the middle of the trip, they were intercepted by the anti-fascist militia Italy before being shot to death on April 28, 1945. The bodies were then beaten, hanged, spat on, and stoned by the people of Italy who hates his leadership. A tragic end to a figure that is in his prime look so mighty.
Biodata.
Full Name: Benito Mussolini
Place and date of birth: Predappio, July 29, 1883
Place and date of death: Giulino, 28 April 1945 (age 61)
Famous as: the prime minister of Italy (1922 - 1943)
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